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A friendly pressureDuring the campaign Barack Obama promised to reduce by 2020 the U

The hopes raised by the election of President Obama in the fight against climate change has its first bumps. After eight years of refusal by an administration to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, simply that his successor recognizes the reality of the influence of man on climate, undertakes to return positively to the negotiating table and puts in route a CO2 emissions reduction program in his country had the future in pink climatologists and diplomats. Gathered in Bonn for two weeks beginning April under the auspices of the United Nations to the point before the Bonn Conference in December, the delegates appreciated the attitude of listening to American officials who have organized multiple bilateral meetings with developing countries. The words of Todd Stern, Special Envoy us for climate change and former negotiator of the Protocol of Kyoto for Bill Clinton, was praised on several occasions. But behind the scenes was a printing of offset to the first tracks evoked by the US administration.

A friendly pressure

During the campaign, Barack Obama promised to reduce by 2020 the U.S. emission level in 1990, or about 5 billion tonnes if we don't take into account the CO2. In view of the evolution of American oil consumption, this would represent an effort by approximately 17 from current levels. But this would that erase regular progressions in recent years, and would not represent a real effort from the year 1990 set by international negotiations hinge. End of March, the climate and energy bill introduced in the House of representatives by the President of the Committee on energy and Commerce Henry Waxman provides an objective to decrease by 20 by 2020, 42 by 2030 and 83 by 2050... but it does as a basis for comparison with the year 2005! The first calculations carried out by experts of the European Commission show that this Bill, which is not less than 640 pages, would lead to an actual decline of 7 to 8 by 2020 from 1990 levels. The first messages of flexibility expressed last week by the White House did not contribute to reassure the experts, including on the auctioning of CO2 allowances. "Whether it is to start with 100 or get there after a certain time is an item under discussion," said the White House Science Adviser, John Holdren.

In Paris, at an informal meeting of Ministers of environment Danish, Swedish, German, Czech, Italian and British, in the presence of European Commissioner Stavros Dimas, the question was raised of whether it is necessary to pressure friendly to the Americans so that they produce a comparable to that of the European effort. "Everyone understands that must be an agreement that the US Congress can ratify," explained negotiator climate of an NGO, but at the same time with more than 20 tons of CO2 per capita, which is two times more than Europeans, the Americans have a significant margin of action. At the Bali Climate Conference, the West had promised, at the bottom of page, all do to reduce their emissions 25-40 by 2020. First formal response awaited the Americans next June, the meeting of the United Nations in Bonn.